Pterygophora californica -brown algae- The Race Rocks Taxonomy

“The number of living creatures of all orders whose existence intimately depends on kelp is wonderful…I can only compare those great aquatic forests…with terrestrial ones in the intertropical regions. Yet if in any country a forest was destroyed, I do not believe nearly so many species would perish as would here from the destruction of kelp”

Thus commented Charles Darwin on kelp. Pterygophora californica commonly known as stalked kelp) which is part of the great kelp family that act as the trees of the oceans. This species is present, amongst other places, at Race Rocks.

BIOTIC ASSOCIATIONS: Ryan Murphy, (PC yr 26) obtained a grant from Mount Allison University in June of 2002 to help him do a project on macroalgae at Race Rocks. In this video below , he captures some of the many epiphytes growing on the perennial Pterygophora californica, a brown algae which grows sub-tidally to a depth of 12 meters at Race Rocks. It is a valuable habitat for the many invertebrates in the subtidal and serves as a buffer to storm surges. From June 2-14 a group of students from Pearson College stayed at Race Rocks for the Johan Ashuvud project. Meet the webcrew here

 

Like other kelp species, this one can mostly be found in subtidal zones. It occurs in subtidal zones mostly up to 12 meters of depth. It is mostly found therefore in subsurface canopies of kelp forests. For this reason it is able to live well around the islands of Race Rocks. The Stalked Kelp grows up to 2 meters in length. It has a straight or gnarled, woody undivided stalk and smooth , strap-like blades extending on opposite sides from the top half of the stalk . The end of the stalk results in a terminal blade with midrib and the stalk develops rings as the years go by similar to those of a tree. Pterygophora is an excellent example of a long -lived perennial seaweed. The blades usually degenerate or wear away in winter and new ones are produced each spring. Often, violent winter storms tear up some of the anchored kelp and deposit it on beaches as in the photo above.

Stalked kelp can reach an age over 17 years. It is possible to find out the exact age of a stalked kelp plant by cutting it down (best to use drift ones that are already detached) and counting the rings in its stalk. At Race Rocks this type of kelp provides habitat for a number of fish and invertebrates and a large community of epiphytic algae.

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Protoctista
Phylum: Phaeophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Order: Laminariales
Family: Alariaceae
Genus: Pterygophora
Species: californica (Ruprecht)
Common Name: Stalked Kelp

Description:  This plant has a large stout holdfast of branched root-like structures, and a woody stipe up to 2 m. long and 2 cm. in diameter.  The stipe is terete below and flattened at the apex.  A terminal flat, smooth blade arises from the apex of the stipe; it is linear, 6-10 cm. wide, 60-90 cm. long, and tapers in the attachment region.  Sporophylls are pinnately arranged along the two sides of the flattened portion of the stipe.  The sporophylls are linear, approximately the same shape and size as the terminal blade; up to 20 occur on each side.

Habitat:  On rocks in the upper subtidal zone and down to a depth of about 5 fathoms.

Pacific Coast Distribution:  British Columbia to Mexico.

Reference:
Guide to Common Seaweeds of British Columbia, by R.F Scagel, Printed by K.M Macdonald,1972

pterpile

In the winter storms the woody Pterygophora stipes or stems often end up in drifts on the rocky beach. This photo was taken by G.Fletcher in February 2007.

pterostaranem

The stars on the stipe of Pterygophora were made by a sea urchin grazing. . Photo by Ryan Murphy

oct2011xsectptery

Annual rings in a cross-section of the stipe of Pterygophora : G Fletcher photo

taxonomyiconReturn to the Race Rocks Taxonomy and Image File
pearsonlogo2_f2The Race Rocks taxonomy is a collaborative venture originally started with the Biology and Environmental Systems students of Lester Pearson College UWC. It now also has contributions added by Faculty, Staff, Volunteers and Observers on the remote control webcams. -Ryan Murphy  PC yr 26

 

Ralfsia pacifica- brown algae

Phylum: Phaeophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Order: Chordariales
Family: Ralfsiaceae
Ralfsia pacifica (Hollenberg)

Description: This plant forms a flat encrusting layer, firmly attached to the substrate; it is irregularly circular in outline, often lobed at the margin, 2-12 cm. in diameter, 0.5-1.0 cm. thick, and olive brown to black in colour; surface with radial or concentric rings.

Habitat:  On rocks and shells in the middle and lower intertidal zones.

Pacific Coast Distribution:  Alaska to Mexico.

Robert Scagel, 1972

R. pacifica with several rhodophytes in a tide pool

R. pacifica with several rhodophytes in a tide pool

Rhodomelia larix- red algae

Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Rhodophyceae
Order: Ceramiales
Family: Rhodmelaceae
Rhodomela larix (Turner) C. Agardh

Description:  This plant is erect, up to 30 cm. high, brownish black in colour, in clusters, attached to the substrate by a discoid holdfast.  The plant is branched, usually with one or more major cylindrical axes.  The major axes have a profusion of radially arranged cylindrical branchlets, all approximately the same length and unbranched.  At the apices of the branches, evanescent trichoblasts are apparent.

Habitat: On rocks in the intertidal zone.Pacific Coast Distribution: Bering Sea to California
Adapted from Robert Scagel, 1972

Prionitis lanceolata- red algae

Phylum: Rhodophyta

Class: Rhodophyceae

Order: Cryptonemiales

Family: Cryptonemiaceae

Prionitis lanceolata (Harvey)

Description: This plant is erect, up to 30 cm. tall, reddish brown in colour, growing in clusters, and attached to the substrate by small discoid holdfast.  The erect portion is narrowly stipitate below, tapering above to a flattened lanceolate portion.  The apices of the branches taper gradually to a point.  Numerous proliferous flattened short pinnately arranged branchlets occur along the margins of the main axes
Habitat:  On rocks in the lower intertidal and upper subtidal zones.

Pacific Coast Distribution:  Alaska to Mexico

Adapted from: Robert Scagel, 1972

Research suggestion: Look for galls on this algae: Reference.

Ulva lactuca-sea lettuce

Kingdom Protista
Phylum Chlorophyta
Order Chlorophyceae
Family Ulvaceae
Class Ulvales
Genus Ulva
Species lactuca

Description: At Race Rocks, Ulva lactuca occurs in some areas at the .2 m level in the intertiidal zone. This plant is light to dark green, erect, lanceolate to broadly ovate, often ruffled along the margins, 18-60 cm. high; at times irregularly split into broad lobes, tapering abruptly near the base to a short stipitate region and a small discoid holdfast of rhizoidal cells.

Habitat:  On rocks and epiphytic on other algae in the upper intertidal zone; often floating on mud flats in the lower intertidal zone in quiet bays and lagoons.

Pacific Coast Distribution:  Bering Sea to Chile.

Adapted from:Robert Scagel, 1978

Photos by Ryan Murphy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Analipus japonicus

Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protoctista
Division Phaeophyta (Brown algae)
Class Phaeophyceae
Order Chordariales
Family Chordariaceae
Genus Analipus
Species japonicus (Harvey) Wynne
Common Name: thickly leaved rockweed

Description: This plant has one or more erect axes arising from a common conspicuous, lobed, encrusting holdfast. The erect portion has a percurrent cylindrical axis, up to 30 cm. high, clothed on all sides with short cylindrical to flattened branchlets up to 3 cm. long; light tan to dark brown in colour.
Habitat: On rocks in the middle and lower intertidal zones.
Pacific Coast Distribution: Bering Sea to California, (Robert Scagel, 1972)

General Characteristics
Analipus japonicus
is found in the upper intertidal area frequently on rocks exposed to moderately heavy surf. This brown alga possesses a thallus of light brown color that supports branches up to 35 cm tall. Until recently, the species has been considered to be rare as it was represented by only two or three patches at Race Rocks. It is now becoming more abundant,(2002) on both the western shelf near peg 6 and the north-eastern corner near peg 15.

Reproduction Patterns
Development of the brown alga Analipus japonicus exhibits a pronounced seasonal pattern in many regions of the world. In winter and spring, this alga is found only as prostrate crusts; erect axes develop during the summer and fall. Reproduction is chiefly asexual and takes place from July to November. Unilocular sporangiate plants occur very rarely only in June and July. Plants bearing plurilocular sporangia are abundant from July to November.
Pharmaceutical Uses

In a study by various professors at the Sung Kyun Kwan University, there is a report of the results of a screening of 89 seaweeds collected from British Columbia, Canada, and Korea for antiviral activity. Various concentrations of methanol extracts of dried algae were tested against 100 plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus type 1 and Sindbis virus in Vero cell monolayers. With reference to Analipus japonicus, it was the most potent anti-herpes species, according to the experimental results.
References:
http://www.usfca.edu/fac-staff/chienp/division%20phaeophyta.html
Biologiya Morya, Vladivostok, 2000, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 426-429
http://www.skku.ac.kr/~ecology/professor/abstract/biological.html

This file was provided as part of a collaborative effort by the students, faculty, staff and volunteers of Lester B. Pearson College by Paolo Danese 2002 (PC yr 28)

move out of the big fellow’s way as he ambles along the sidewalk to ‘his’ spot.

July 22, 2003: The 2 smallish elephant seals still hauled out and staying close to each other.The big fellow continues to haul out behind the boat house for a time each day.The three do not interact, in fact the 2 smaller ones do their best to move out of the big fellow’s way as he ambles along the sidewalk to ‘his’ spot.

Race Rocks Transects : Sample

Tidal Levels
Procedures for Processing the Images
1998 Class Photo transects of PEG #15
North side of Great Race Rocks Island
Other transect images from different locations

BACKGROUND

The students and faculty of Lester B. Pearson College which is a member of the United World Colleges have used the ecological reserve and now the MPA of Race Rocks for studies of marine ecosystems, both subtidally and intertidally since1978. During that time a number of exercises have been developed to use in teaching ecological concepts in the International Baccalaureate Environmental Systems and Biology classes.

While using basic research techniques it has been possible to start to build up a library of information that can be more useful for determination of the effects of long term climatic changes or changes induced by humans, (anthropogenic). In addition this record may provide ideas to encourage others to apply the techniques to other ecosystems. In 1999 the Race Rocks Ecological Overview was added to help bring together the ecological information on Race Rocks.

NUMBERING SYSTEM

A numbering system had to be developed that reflected the concept that this was only one of many that could be referenced from this site if individuals from around the world were willing to collaborate with us in building the project.
LOCATION….PEG NUMBER…TRANSECT NUMBER….QUADRAT NUMBER..

A0………………….05………………………..01…………………………………..01………
Where:
A0 refers to the first site to be added to this WWW site
05 refers to the peg location ( we have 15 such locations permanently identified at the Race Rocks Ecological Reserve.)
01 refers to the first transect entered from this location.
01 refers to the first quadrat picture that you can access on this photographic strip.

SOME IDEAS FOR USE OF THESE TRANSECT PHOTOS

  • Quantify the distribution of organisms
  • Relate the distribution to the intertidal elevation
  • Find out how to capture these images
  • Use other technology to analyze the photos
  • Study the mussels in greater depth
  • Study other organisms from the transects in greater depth.
  • Students in environmental systems will use this as a source to prepare for investigations in the intertidal zone when we have the opportunity to do a field lab at the ecological reserve. The photo strips also could be used by those living far from an ocean shore to study the relationship between abiotic or physical factors and organism distribution. Also by noting the location of certain species, for instance the mussels, M. californianus and then seeing where they would fit on a tidal level chart for the area (using the Victoria Tide Tables) ,students could calculate the length of times for submergence and emergence of the species in a week, a month, or a year. In addition they could compare the conditions in the winter months, with the extreme low tides occurring in the night with the conditions in the summer months when the low tides occur every two weeks in the daytime. Students should be encouraged to discuss the results of their investigations and pose further questions about conditions in the intertidal zone. For a more in depth exercise on the Ecological Niche of organisms go here.
  • TIDAL LEVELS Since the location of organisms in the intertidal zone is partially determined by tidal levels, that is one of the essential measurements given with our transect images. It is important to understand that the levels given here are based on the Canadian tide tables
    Victoria Tide TablesThese are not calculated the same way as tables from the United States. To convert the elevations given here to conform to the US pattern in which 0.0 equals mean lower low water, subtract 0.8 meters from these Canadian readings.You may find further explanation on the operation of Tides in any marine Biology or Oceanography text. One that may be useful is:
    Seashore Life of the Northern Pacific Coast– by Eugene Kozloff, page 7-9.
  • For TIDAL Heights of Other LOCATIONS, use this link
  • THIS IS JUST A START!
    By looking here you might get a few ideas of how you can do some interesting investigations using these pictures. But don’t stop there, we would like you to collaborate with us by adding ideas and new transects to our list. It would be excellent if someone living on another ocean shore with different intertidal zonation patterns could supply a similar set of photographs for comparison.Go back to techniques for directions on how to contribute

Proposal and Rationale for all PC Students spending time at Race Rocks as part of their College experience.

Proposal and Rationale for all PC Students spending time at Race Rocks as part of their College experience.

By Ryan Murphy

A select few students have been given the opportunity over the past twenty-odd years to experience and take part in one of the region’s most prominent educational installations. And we are not talking about Pearson College. Race Rocks is an incredible resource, utilized by students from around the world via racerocks.com, yet since the end of orientation week tours to the archipelago, many of our own students graduate without having ever seen the islands.

It is this gross under-use of a “national jewel” that forms the basis for this proposal: an institutionalized system that would see every student at the College spend one week of their first year living and learning on Race Rocks.

Logistics:

There are 27 weeks of classes for students in their first year of study. As well, there are upwards of 104 first year students in any given year. Four students per week for 26 weeks covers the first year student body, as well as being a typical occupant load for the assistant keeper’s residence on the island. Any combination of first year students could be tried: two pairs of roommates, all males, all females, planned groups, interest groups, etc. The important thing is the provision of this unique opportunity to all students, not just the few divers, environmental systems, and racerocks.com activity students. This initiative is doable, and should not be a matter of if, but when.

Rationale:

This proposal fits with the aims of the College in numerous ways. The overlying goal of the UWC movement, as first enounced by Kurt Hahn is “to provide an education, in the total sense, which will produce involved, active, educated citizens…” Having seen many of the students who’ve spent even a weekend here, and having spent upwards of three months here myself, I know that living at Race is not only just different from living at the College, but beneficial for this difference.

These benefits are many:

  1. students learn organizational skills as they plan meals and budget food stores,

  2. they learn responsibility through the daily chores that structure one’s stay on the island,

  3. they develop leadership skills by handling the various challenges that isolated island life present as well as,

  4. interpersonal skills while handling the various challenges that isolated, and secluded island life present,

  5. Race Rocks is an inspirational place in many ways, a wonderful location to encourage creative expression,

  6. being a Marine Protected Area, Guardians learn profound respect for the environment,

  7. for many students, the change of location and open space can be mood elevating, particularly effective in months containing the letter “r”.

Responding to the unique physical and emotional challenges of the Race Rocks environment while attending the College can only foster growth and positive development in our students.

It is believed that having a College-wide participation in this program will not only benefit our students but the College as a whole:

  1. with proper planning and effective use of the technology already available to us, students can not only keep up with their school work, but contribute to their classes as well,

  2. nowhere on campus other than Race Rocks can students experience the raw forces of nature. This increased awareness aids not only science courses, but more creative ones as well, not to mention many activities.

  3. Student groups on the island can be assigned or create their own themes or subjects for discussion during their week, akin to the activities during Jack Matthews’ Days. These discussions can take place online, and a summary could be provided to The Link to eventually create an impressive library of topics.

.

Returning now to The Core, this project responds in many efficient and eloquent ways:

  1. Sleep. In September, the matter of sleep will have completed its third decade of being an ongoing problem at the College. When the sunsets at Race Rocks, there is nothing to do. The computers will allow students to keep in touch, but all students who stay on the island get more than enough sleep.

  2. Physical Exercise. Though it is a small island, the climb to the tower is often enough to wind most people. Physical chores have the same benefits as most Village Service activities and are more exercise than many students would normally get.

  3. Time for Reflection. See point 1, Race Rocks is sufficiently devoid of distractions to provide plenty of time for reflection.

  4. Service. This program can easily be incorporated into a student’s requirements of service to the College.

  5. Conflict Resolution. As stated above, interpersonal skills will be tried and tested during the week, cementing some relationships, and encouraging growth for others.

  6. Aesthetic Appreciation. Any student inclined to pursue an artistic endeavor would meet with success at Race Rocks.

  7. Environmental and Political Awareness. As previously discussed, Race Rocks is perfectly situated to increase awareness on both these fronts.

In conclusion, I would like to reemphasize that Pearson College is not using Race Rocks to its full potential. Both the students and the College as a whole are missing out because of this waste, and it is the goal of this proposal to first make you aware of this potential, and to secondly encourage your own thoughts for the development of this new initiative.

Prepared for Chris Blondeau, July 9, 2003.

by Ryan Murphy (Year 26).

Race Rocks Pre-packaged Tours: 2003

by Ryan Murphy

Adolescents:
Think young, easily bored, but impressionable and inexperienced.
Will want photos of themselves and maybe MPA.

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them involved and thinking early, find out group’s interest(s) and play off that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, get them to point out (guess) local features and places.

– Watch for Bull kelp on way out for demonstration.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Discuss recent history and management.

– Get them to look around, ask them what they think makes this place distinct/different.

– Point out local flora and fauna, their importance in past and today.

– If there are sea lions, point out differences between them, and with seals.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out school-based activities done on the island.

– Get them to smile and wave as they pass in front of the cameras.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about diving and other ways students at LBPC get involved.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– If they’re a little too excited, the Boxing Day drownings, and Johan Ashuvud stories might help reshift their focus.

– If they’re bored, stories of shipwrecks and sunken treasure might get their attention as well.

Little Kids:

Think very young, easily distracted, mostly uninterested, but easily impressed with simple things. May fall asleep or start to cry.

General:

– Emphasize safety on the boat, warm clothes, and exciting possibilities. The majority of the experience will be new for them, so take time to make interesting and fun as much as you can.

– Get them involved and thinking early, keep it simple and fun

– Encourage conversation and interaction, keep them involved.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, keep it simple, make leprosy fun.

– Watch for Bull kelp on way out for demonstration.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to the first protected place of its kind in Canada.

– Get them to look around, point out some features that make this place distinct/different.

– Point out local animals, tell the kids why they’re there and what they do.

– If there are sea lions, point out differences between them, and with seals. Everyone can try animal sounds.

– Mention First Nation’s connection with the past and future of the islands.

– Point out school-based activities done on the island.

– Get them to smile and wave as they pass in front of the cameras.

– Tell kids that they can watch the sea lions at home with their parents at rr.com.

– Talk about going under the water, and how beautiful and colourful it is there.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, simple discussion of current issues.

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Make the connection of visiting the animals and having a herd of buffalo visit your living room.

– Keep adults involved, if the kids are too young or too uninterested, give the adults their tour, and hit on some exciting things for the kids every so often.

Adults:

Think future donor or concerned private citizen

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them talking early, find out group’s interest(s) and play off that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, indicate local features and places.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Discuss recent history and management.

– Describe what features make Race Rocks so incredible.

– Point out local flora and fauna.

– If there are sea lions, point out differences between them, and with seals.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out college activities done on the island, Mike and Carol’s role.

– Get them to smile and wave as they pass in front of the cameras.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about funding issues, the partnerships created, and how important outside involvement is.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Relating the Johan Ashuvud story will help emphasize the importance Race Rocks has.

– Many adults are concerned with who has access to the islands, the particulars of management and the like. Knowing the operating budget helps.

First Nations:

Be conscious of current issues, as well as information they may have

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them talking early, find out group’s interest(s) and play off that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, indicate local features and places.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Know which month of the Salish calendar you’re in.

– Xwayen used by the Saanich people (Coast Salish), speak Klallum language.

– Discuss recent history and management (milk-stool).

– Describe what features make Race Rocks so incredible.

– Feel the crowd for any traditional knowledge, encourage stories.

– Point out local flora and fauna of importance, traditional uses.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Earle Claxton of the Tsawout First Nation and Joe Bartleman of the Tsartlip First Nation.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out college activities done on the island, Mike and Carol’s role.

– Indicate the cameras as you pass in front of the windows.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about funding issues, the partnerships created, and how important outside involvement is.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Relating the Johan Ashuvud story will help emphasize the importance Race Rocks has.

– Many people are concerned with who has access to the islands, the particulars of management and the like. Knowing the operating budget helps.

Fund Raising:

Think future donor, the most diverse group. Some come to show off gadgets, others want to see the lighthouse, and still others don’t even know they want to support us yet.

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them talking early, find out group’s focus and build on that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, if there are signs of genuine interest. If not, casually pointing things out should suffice.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Discuss recent history and management.

– Describe what features make Race Rocks so incredible.

– Point out local flora and fauna.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out college activities done on the island, Mike and Carol’s role.

– Point to the cameras as you go by, discuss the many contributions already made.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about funding issues, the partnerships already created, and how important outside involvement is.

– Stress negative human impact, and importance of our mission to share and protect.

– How incredible the racerocks.com project is, world-class educational resource.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Relating the Johan Ashuvud story will help emphasize the importance Race Rocks has.

– Many adults are concerned with who has access to the islands, the particulars of management and the like. Knowing the operating budget helps.

– Jordanian student who completed university course with our site alone.

Information:

General:

Users:

Coast Guard, LBPC, Whale Watchers/Eco-tourists, Private citizens, Academics, Educators, First Nations.

Management:

DFO (Federal), BC Parks (Provincial), and LBPC (us).

Operating budget $150,000 a year. Relies heavily on private donors like you. What you see is made possible by many generous sponsors contributing time, money, and expertise.

Sponsors:

Apple Computers. ALI, LBPC, SONY, Friends of Ecological Reserves, Millennium Foundation, Richard Ivey Foundation, Johan Ashuvud Fund, Ken Dunham, Giovanni Rosso, Jochen Kumm…

Stories to know:

Boxing Day drownings, Sunken treasure, shipwrecks, L-51 death -> farmed salmon, toxins, elephant seal struck/healed, whale/watcher interactions, Johan Ashuvud, Bull Kelp, Jordanian student completing course online…

Website to know:

Why we have one, How we do it, and What is on it.

First Nations:

Late April- Early May Penawen (Harvest Seaweed)

May Centeki (Sockeye Return to Earth)

June-July Cenhenen (Pink Salmon/Humpback Return to Earth)

August Centawen (Coho Return to Earth)

Xwayen used by the Saanich people (Coast Salish), speak Klallum language.
Earle Claxton of the Tsawout and Jow Bartleman of the Tsartlip First Nation are elders who are involved with the MPA.

Used: Rockfish, Dungeness Crab, Sea Urchins, Sea cucumber, Gooseneck Barnacnles, Mussels, Abalone, Oysters, Bird’s Eggs, and various marine algaes.

Flora and Fauna:

Birds:

Herring Gull (common), Western Gull (seasonally), Bonaparte’s Gull (seasonally), Heermann’s Gull (seasonally), Glacous-winged Gull (v. common, breeder), Arctic Tern (rare, breeder), Black Turnstone (common), Short-billed dowitcher (common), Rock sandpiper (common), Black Oystercatcher (v. common, breeder), Bald Eagle (v. common), Harlequin Duck (seasonal), Rhinocerous Auklet (seasonally), Pigeon Guillemont (v. common, breeder), Common Murre (seasonally), Pelagic Cormorant (seasonally), Double-Crested Cormorant (common), Brandt’s Cormorant (seasonally, endangered).

Mammals:

Grey whale (rare), Humpback whale (v. rare), Orca (seasonal, transient rare), Dall’s Porpoise (rare), Harbour Porpoise (rare, in area), Northern Elephant seal (v. common), Northern Fur Seal (v. rare), California sea lion (common, seasonal), Steller/Northern sea lion (common, seasonal), Pacific Harbour Seal (v. common, breeder).

Others:

Bull kelp, giant pacific octopus, wolf eel, abalone, salmon.

Pests: River otters, Canada geese, Crows, Grackles.

History:

1860 lighthouse constructed with Scottish granite (ballast) and local rock,

Same paint as space shuttle,

20W light bulb, solar powered (automated), Fresnel lens,

Most southerly point of Canada west of Ontario,

3 days before the tower was lit, Nanette (tallship) struck, total loss,

1865 Boxing Day drownings of family and friends of keepers,

1867 SS Nichola Biddle sank

1877 Swordfish ran aground

1882 SS Rosedale lost

1886 Barnard Castle struck

1896 SS Tees lost

1901 Prince Victor sank

1911 Sechelt capsized in Race Passage

1923 Siberian Prince lost (didn’t hear foghorn)

1925 Eemdijk lost (didn’t hear foghorn)

1925 Hope (tug) lost trying to salvage Eemdijk.

1929 Hydrographic Survey ship the Lilloet finds silent zone due to positioning of foghorn.

1885 Argyle (keeper) dives for gold sovereigns.

1950 Arthur Anderson lost as sea, skiff found near Port Angeles.

1997 Coast Guard hands management over to Pearson College

1998 Pilot MPA

2000 announced as MPA

2000 racerocks.com starts with live cameras broadcasting over the internet.

Saanich Year /Thirteen Moons Assignment Assessment

Saanich Year /Thirteen Moons Assignment Assessment

Instructions : Your teacher will lead a discussion on expectations for this assignment. Together your class will discuss levels of accomplishment for the criteria chosen from the left hand column.

Activity# 5: The 13 Moons of the Saanich Year

Find and Filter

Not Yet Meeting Expectations

Minimally Meets Expectations

Fully Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Score

•  use information they have read, heard, or viewed in a variety of written or graphic forms, including written notes and charts
•  locate and interpret details in print and non-print media to gather information and build understanding
•  develop personal responses to materials and support their responses with reasons, examples, and details
•  compare real and imaginary times and places portrayed in literature and mass media with their own time and place
•  Conduct and interview with an Elder of the Community which includes information about:

•  The history of this celebration

•  The significance of each of the rituals involved in the celebration

•  The importance of the celebration to the community

Working with Information (knowledge)
•  Understand calendars of different cultures
•  Understand the importance of moons in First Nations culture and its relation to the environment
•  Relate the moons to own environment
•  Create own calendar of moons
Communciation
•  Develop and present a video presentation of moon   including

•  a title page

•  the interview

•  at least 4 scenes, one of which is an explanation of the moon

•  three types of transitions between scenes

•  music that complements your moon story

•  Identified the Gregorian calendar to which the chosen moon relates.
•  Gave the moon a name that means something to them
•  Illustration of moon.
•  Description of meaning of the moon
•  Included a written paragraph with background information about the moon
•  Described the typical weather during the moon.
•  Discussed about how environment affects the activities done during this time.
•  Discuss the activities that happen during this time in your community
Reflection
•  Demonstrates understanding of topic
•  Grammar and spelling
•  Opinion backed by fact