Race Rocks Ecological Reserve and the web activity

Race Rocks Ecological Reserve and the web activity: racerocks.com

Students learning to use the web camera broadcast take images for archives, but also broadcast live. For a calendar of events broadcast live this fall from Pearson College, check the Race Rocks website:

On this bright, sunny afternoon — one of our last for the last while — students take the 10 minute boat trip to Race Rocks Marine protected area and learn to use the equipment.

Biology teacher Garry Fletcher is the creator of the live (and often interactive) webcasting from Race Rocks Marine Protected Area. In mid-October, for example, the group did a live webcast to the Canadian Museum of Nature in Ottawa.

Come along with us to Race Rocks on this sunny afternoon.

Live Webcasting— a First Experience

Originally published in the College newspaper, THE LINK Oct 24, 2003, number 53

It was a warm sunny day, the day I had race rocks .com activity. As soon as I got to the float house Garry tells me,” We are going to Race Rocks.” I’d heard of this place for a really long time but had never been there, so got all excited.

We took the boat and as soon as I got to Race Rocks, the feeling was magical. There was the whole bunch of sea lions — northern, Californian and some other types — and this huge sea lion there on the dock. I never got to see one so close before in my life. All of us in the boat were admiring them while Eileen got busy clicking her cam and some worried that the sea lion would jump into the boat.

It was a wonderful experience, something hard for me to express in words. You had to be there to feel it. But there was something more to that beauty … they smelled reallly bad. I had to literally stop myself from breathing. That was tough.

Then we got to learn a lot about setting a live web cast and I got to be on one. I was so nervous! I could feel the blood rush to my cheeks and I was speaking so fast I didn’t even know what I was saying. This was so embarrassing knowing that people all over the world would have seen me making a fool out of myself. Better luck next time!…

It is one of my most memorable days at Pearson.  Sonam Yangden (year 3

Tide Pool Abiotic factors

In the high intertidal areas of Race Rocks, there are tidepools with wide fluctuations of abiotic factors. The organisms inhabiting these pools are well adapted to these extremes. Garry talks to a biology class about some of the variables influencing these high tide pools, and the flagellated green algae living within them.

Racerocks.com Activity October, 2003

Race Rocks Ecological Reserve and the web activity. The racerocks.com activity went out to Race Rocks to practise live webcasting from the island.

Fabia subquadrata: The Pea Crab — The Race Rocks Taxonomy

 

Jeremias, Carmen and Felix remove a pea crab from the mantle of a California Mussel.
At Race Rocks there are many large mussels; (up to 30 cm) with such parasite inside.

 

Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Crustacea
Order Decapoda
Family Pinnotheridae
Genus Fabia
Species subquadrata
Common Name:Pea crab

Brief Definition

Pea/Mussel crabs are tiny creatures that live as symbionts, on or in the bodies of other invertebrates (bivalves)

Size

As their common name implies, Pea crabs are small creatures. The female pea crabs are distinctively larger than the male crabs, reachimg a size of 22mm (0.8in). The males however reach a size of 7.3mm (0.3in).

Habitat

Pea crabs occupy 2 different niches during their lifetime. Prior to and after their mating season, the adult female lives in a host. Host species include:

California mussels ( Mytilus californianus )

horse mussels ( Modiolus modiolus ).

Mytilus edulis

As well as other species of bivalves including scallops, oysters, cockles and clams.

The juvenile crabs also occupy a host before they become mature.

Range

These crabs live in mainly the northern hemisphere waters.

Including eastern and western U.S.(Akutan Pass, in the waters of Alaska to Ensenada.), Europe, Argentina and British Columbia, Canada.

It is found in 1 to 3% of California mussels along the central California coast, and 18% of mussels along Vancouver Island, BC, Canada.

Adaptation

Mussel crabs live in specific hosts because each crab responds positively to only certain chemicals that their hosts emit. In this way, they are able to infest the hosts that have the right conditions for them to survive. While in the host, these crabs do not posses an exokeleton. This is beacause the hosts provide them with protection against predators and other harmful external factors. However, when they leave their host to mate in the planktonic environment, the adult crabs grow an exoskeleton to protect their membranous carapace. These crabs also posses 10 legs, of which 2 of them develop into large and powerful claws to help fend off predators when exposed in the plankton, and to also help in the grasping of food.

Relationship with Host

The relationship that exists between the mussel crab and the bivalve is a symbiotic one. The advantage of this relationship is that the crab is protected while it scavenges the necessary nutrients needed by it, in the host. The crab however at times robs its host of a large mount of food and it also feeds off the protective mucus layers that cover the host’s tender tissues.This results in the mussel’s gills been injured. When this occurs the relationship becomes a parasitic one as the crab benefits while the host is affected negatively. Hence they are classified as parasites.

Precautions are taken when animals such as Mya arenaria, Placopecten magellanicus, Argopecten irradians and oysters are sold as to not have a pea crab inside it.

Reproduction and Lifecycle

The pea crabs’ life cycle has two distinct stages. These two stages are so different that in fact they were classified into two different genera.

The first stage comprises of the large, adult females that have soft membranous crapaces. These adults occupy a host each and they produce larvae that mature into the second stage. In the second stage, the offspring (larvae) of the female (that she had produced inside her host) grow up into adults of both sexes.Having reached maturity, they leave their hosts and join swarms in the water to mate. At this stage the pea crabs look more ‘traditional’. They have hard shells, strong legs (for swimming) and at the front of the carapace they have thick hair. Upon completion of mating, the female returns to her host. For a period of 21-25 weeks, she goes through 5 molts before reaching maturity. The female can inhabit here for up to a year, producing larvae from eggs that where fertilised by sperm from her single mating and then the cycle begins again. The mating takes place in late May.

Note: the male after mating dies.

References

Source 1: Pacific Coast Crabs and Shrimps by Gregory.C. Jensen, Ph.D

Source 2: Port Townsend Marine Science Center. Marine & Natural History Exihibits

Source 3: http://www.ptmsc.org/html/peacrabs.html

Source 4: http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/~jmatth/Science.htm

Source 5: http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/sci/shelldis/pages/pcbmu_e.htm

Source 6: http://www.indian-ocean.org/bioinformatics/crabs/crabs/tex1.html

Other Members of the Phylum Arthropoda at Race Rocks 
taxonomyiconReturn to the Race Rocks Taxonomy
and Image File
pearsonlogo2_f2The Race Rocks taxonomy is a collaborative venture originally started with the Biology and Environmental Systems students of Lester Pearson College UWC. It now also has contributions added by Faculty, Staff, Volunteers and Observers on the remote control webcams.

October 2003-  Michelle(PC)

Proposal and Rationale for all PC Students spending time at Race Rocks as part of their College experience.

Proposal and Rationale for all PC Students spending time at Race Rocks as part of their College experience.

By Ryan Murphy

A select few students have been given the opportunity over the past twenty-odd years to experience and take part in one of the region’s most prominent educational installations. And we are not talking about Pearson College. Race Rocks is an incredible resource, utilized by students from around the world via racerocks.com, yet since the end of orientation week tours to the archipelago, many of our own students graduate without having ever seen the islands.

It is this gross under-use of a “national jewel” that forms the basis for this proposal: an institutionalized system that would see every student at the College spend one week of their first year living and learning on Race Rocks.

Logistics:

There are 27 weeks of classes for students in their first year of study. As well, there are upwards of 104 first year students in any given year. Four students per week for 26 weeks covers the first year student body, as well as being a typical occupant load for the assistant keeper’s residence on the island. Any combination of first year students could be tried: two pairs of roommates, all males, all females, planned groups, interest groups, etc. The important thing is the provision of this unique opportunity to all students, not just the few divers, environmental systems, and racerocks.com activity students. This initiative is doable, and should not be a matter of if, but when.

Rationale:

This proposal fits with the aims of the College in numerous ways. The overlying goal of the UWC movement, as first enounced by Kurt Hahn is “to provide an education, in the total sense, which will produce involved, active, educated citizens…” Having seen many of the students who’ve spent even a weekend here, and having spent upwards of three months here myself, I know that living at Race is not only just different from living at the College, but beneficial for this difference.

These benefits are many:

  1. students learn organizational skills as they plan meals and budget food stores,

  2. they learn responsibility through the daily chores that structure one’s stay on the island,

  3. they develop leadership skills by handling the various challenges that isolated island life present as well as,

  4. interpersonal skills while handling the various challenges that isolated, and secluded island life present,

  5. Race Rocks is an inspirational place in many ways, a wonderful location to encourage creative expression,

  6. being a Marine Protected Area, Guardians learn profound respect for the environment,

  7. for many students, the change of location and open space can be mood elevating, particularly effective in months containing the letter “r”.

Responding to the unique physical and emotional challenges of the Race Rocks environment while attending the College can only foster growth and positive development in our students.

It is believed that having a College-wide participation in this program will not only benefit our students but the College as a whole:

  1. with proper planning and effective use of the technology already available to us, students can not only keep up with their school work, but contribute to their classes as well,

  2. nowhere on campus other than Race Rocks can students experience the raw forces of nature. This increased awareness aids not only science courses, but more creative ones as well, not to mention many activities.

  3. Student groups on the island can be assigned or create their own themes or subjects for discussion during their week, akin to the activities during Jack Matthews’ Days. These discussions can take place online, and a summary could be provided to The Link to eventually create an impressive library of topics.

.

Returning now to The Core, this project responds in many efficient and eloquent ways:

  1. Sleep. In September, the matter of sleep will have completed its third decade of being an ongoing problem at the College. When the sunsets at Race Rocks, there is nothing to do. The computers will allow students to keep in touch, but all students who stay on the island get more than enough sleep.

  2. Physical Exercise. Though it is a small island, the climb to the tower is often enough to wind most people. Physical chores have the same benefits as most Village Service activities and are more exercise than many students would normally get.

  3. Time for Reflection. See point 1, Race Rocks is sufficiently devoid of distractions to provide plenty of time for reflection.

  4. Service. This program can easily be incorporated into a student’s requirements of service to the College.

  5. Conflict Resolution. As stated above, interpersonal skills will be tried and tested during the week, cementing some relationships, and encouraging growth for others.

  6. Aesthetic Appreciation. Any student inclined to pursue an artistic endeavor would meet with success at Race Rocks.

  7. Environmental and Political Awareness. As previously discussed, Race Rocks is perfectly situated to increase awareness on both these fronts.

In conclusion, I would like to reemphasize that Pearson College is not using Race Rocks to its full potential. Both the students and the College as a whole are missing out because of this waste, and it is the goal of this proposal to first make you aware of this potential, and to secondly encourage your own thoughts for the development of this new initiative.

Prepared for Chris Blondeau, July 9, 2003.

by Ryan Murphy (Year 26).

Race Rocks Pre-packaged Tours: 2003

by Ryan Murphy

Adolescents:
Think young, easily bored, but impressionable and inexperienced.
Will want photos of themselves and maybe MPA.

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them involved and thinking early, find out group’s interest(s) and play off that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, get them to point out (guess) local features and places.

– Watch for Bull kelp on way out for demonstration.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Discuss recent history and management.

– Get them to look around, ask them what they think makes this place distinct/different.

– Point out local flora and fauna, their importance in past and today.

– If there are sea lions, point out differences between them, and with seals.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out school-based activities done on the island.

– Get them to smile and wave as they pass in front of the cameras.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about diving and other ways students at LBPC get involved.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– If they’re a little too excited, the Boxing Day drownings, and Johan Ashuvud stories might help reshift their focus.

– If they’re bored, stories of shipwrecks and sunken treasure might get their attention as well.

Little Kids:

Think very young, easily distracted, mostly uninterested, but easily impressed with simple things. May fall asleep or start to cry.

General:

– Emphasize safety on the boat, warm clothes, and exciting possibilities. The majority of the experience will be new for them, so take time to make interesting and fun as much as you can.

– Get them involved and thinking early, keep it simple and fun

– Encourage conversation and interaction, keep them involved.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, keep it simple, make leprosy fun.

– Watch for Bull kelp on way out for demonstration.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to the first protected place of its kind in Canada.

– Get them to look around, point out some features that make this place distinct/different.

– Point out local animals, tell the kids why they’re there and what they do.

– If there are sea lions, point out differences between them, and with seals. Everyone can try animal sounds.

– Mention First Nation’s connection with the past and future of the islands.

– Point out school-based activities done on the island.

– Get them to smile and wave as they pass in front of the cameras.

– Tell kids that they can watch the sea lions at home with their parents at rr.com.

– Talk about going under the water, and how beautiful and colourful it is there.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, simple discussion of current issues.

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Make the connection of visiting the animals and having a herd of buffalo visit your living room.

– Keep adults involved, if the kids are too young or too uninterested, give the adults their tour, and hit on some exciting things for the kids every so often.

Adults:

Think future donor or concerned private citizen

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them talking early, find out group’s interest(s) and play off that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, indicate local features and places.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Discuss recent history and management.

– Describe what features make Race Rocks so incredible.

– Point out local flora and fauna.

– If there are sea lions, point out differences between them, and with seals.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out college activities done on the island, Mike and Carol’s role.

– Get them to smile and wave as they pass in front of the cameras.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about funding issues, the partnerships created, and how important outside involvement is.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Relating the Johan Ashuvud story will help emphasize the importance Race Rocks has.

– Many adults are concerned with who has access to the islands, the particulars of management and the like. Knowing the operating budget helps.

First Nations:

Be conscious of current issues, as well as information they may have

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them talking early, find out group’s interest(s) and play off that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, indicate local features and places.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Know which month of the Salish calendar you’re in.

– Xwayen used by the Saanich people (Coast Salish), speak Klallum language.

– Discuss recent history and management (milk-stool).

– Describe what features make Race Rocks so incredible.

– Feel the crowd for any traditional knowledge, encourage stories.

– Point out local flora and fauna of importance, traditional uses.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Earle Claxton of the Tsawout First Nation and Joe Bartleman of the Tsartlip First Nation.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out college activities done on the island, Mike and Carol’s role.

– Indicate the cameras as you pass in front of the windows.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about funding issues, the partnerships created, and how important outside involvement is.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Relating the Johan Ashuvud story will help emphasize the importance Race Rocks has.

– Many people are concerned with who has access to the islands, the particulars of management and the like. Knowing the operating budget helps.

Fund Raising:

Think future donor, the most diverse group. Some come to show off gadgets, others want to see the lighthouse, and still others don’t even know they want to support us yet.

General:

– Safety talk and general information at the docks before getting way.

– Get them talking early, find out group’s focus and build on that.

– Encourage questions, cater tour to these.

– Orientation stop near Bentinck, if there are signs of genuine interest. If not, casually pointing things out should suffice.

MPA tour:

Route dictated by weather and sea conditions.

– Welcome to Canada’s “first” MPA.

– Discuss recent history and management.

– Describe what features make Race Rocks so incredible.

– Point out local flora and fauna.

– Make First Nations link here as boat gets closer to Great Race.

– Discuss LBPC’s role in making/keeping Race Rocks such an important place.

– Point out college activities done on the island, Mike and Carol’s role.

– Point to the cameras as you go by, discuss the many contributions already made.

– Discuss the internet’s role in preserving the MPA while giving even greater access.

– Talk about funding issues, the partnerships already created, and how important outside involvement is.

– Stress negative human impact, and importance of our mission to share and protect.

– How incredible the racerocks.com project is, world-class educational resource.

Miscellaneous:

– If they’re whale crazy, or whales just happen to stop by, identification of two types of orcas, discussion on whale/watcher interactions, other problems encountered by the whales, make link with farmed salmon (poison).

– If the MPA is devoid of everything except the elephant seal, shift focus towards him, story of boat props, and the importance of protecting Race Rocks.

– Relating the Johan Ashuvud story will help emphasize the importance Race Rocks has.

– Many adults are concerned with who has access to the islands, the particulars of management and the like. Knowing the operating budget helps.

– Jordanian student who completed university course with our site alone.

Information:

General:

Users:

Coast Guard, LBPC, Whale Watchers/Eco-tourists, Private citizens, Academics, Educators, First Nations.

Management:

DFO (Federal), BC Parks (Provincial), and LBPC (us).

Operating budget $150,000 a year. Relies heavily on private donors like you. What you see is made possible by many generous sponsors contributing time, money, and expertise.

Sponsors:

Apple Computers. ALI, LBPC, SONY, Friends of Ecological Reserves, Millennium Foundation, Richard Ivey Foundation, Johan Ashuvud Fund, Ken Dunham, Giovanni Rosso, Jochen Kumm…

Stories to know:

Boxing Day drownings, Sunken treasure, shipwrecks, L-51 death -> farmed salmon, toxins, elephant seal struck/healed, whale/watcher interactions, Johan Ashuvud, Bull Kelp, Jordanian student completing course online…

Website to know:

Why we have one, How we do it, and What is on it.

First Nations:

Late April- Early May Penawen (Harvest Seaweed)

May Centeki (Sockeye Return to Earth)

June-July Cenhenen (Pink Salmon/Humpback Return to Earth)

August Centawen (Coho Return to Earth)

Xwayen used by the Saanich people (Coast Salish), speak Klallum language.
Earle Claxton of the Tsawout and Jow Bartleman of the Tsartlip First Nation are elders who are involved with the MPA.

Used: Rockfish, Dungeness Crab, Sea Urchins, Sea cucumber, Gooseneck Barnacnles, Mussels, Abalone, Oysters, Bird’s Eggs, and various marine algaes.

Flora and Fauna:

Birds:

Herring Gull (common), Western Gull (seasonally), Bonaparte’s Gull (seasonally), Heermann’s Gull (seasonally), Glacous-winged Gull (v. common, breeder), Arctic Tern (rare, breeder), Black Turnstone (common), Short-billed dowitcher (common), Rock sandpiper (common), Black Oystercatcher (v. common, breeder), Bald Eagle (v. common), Harlequin Duck (seasonal), Rhinocerous Auklet (seasonally), Pigeon Guillemont (v. common, breeder), Common Murre (seasonally), Pelagic Cormorant (seasonally), Double-Crested Cormorant (common), Brandt’s Cormorant (seasonally, endangered).

Mammals:

Grey whale (rare), Humpback whale (v. rare), Orca (seasonal, transient rare), Dall’s Porpoise (rare), Harbour Porpoise (rare, in area), Northern Elephant seal (v. common), Northern Fur Seal (v. rare), California sea lion (common, seasonal), Steller/Northern sea lion (common, seasonal), Pacific Harbour Seal (v. common, breeder).

Others:

Bull kelp, giant pacific octopus, wolf eel, abalone, salmon.

Pests: River otters, Canada geese, Crows, Grackles.

History:

1860 lighthouse constructed with Scottish granite (ballast) and local rock,

Same paint as space shuttle,

20W light bulb, solar powered (automated), Fresnel lens,

Most southerly point of Canada west of Ontario,

3 days before the tower was lit, Nanette (tallship) struck, total loss,

1865 Boxing Day drownings of family and friends of keepers,

1867 SS Nichola Biddle sank

1877 Swordfish ran aground

1882 SS Rosedale lost

1886 Barnard Castle struck

1896 SS Tees lost

1901 Prince Victor sank

1911 Sechelt capsized in Race Passage

1923 Siberian Prince lost (didn’t hear foghorn)

1925 Eemdijk lost (didn’t hear foghorn)

1925 Hope (tug) lost trying to salvage Eemdijk.

1929 Hydrographic Survey ship the Lilloet finds silent zone due to positioning of foghorn.

1885 Argyle (keeper) dives for gold sovereigns.

1950 Arthur Anderson lost as sea, skiff found near Port Angeles.

1997 Coast Guard hands management over to Pearson College

1998 Pilot MPA

2000 announced as MPA

2000 racerocks.com starts with live cameras broadcasting over the internet.

Tidepool Index

USE THIS INDEX INSTEAD

These pools are located 0n the West side of Great Race Rocks. They are located at slightly different elevations resulting in different abiotic factors in the pools and different life forms in the pools as well. Our students brave the elements to get some measurements in this video

Tidepool 1
Tidepool 2
Tidepool 3
Tidepool 4
Tidepool 5
Tidepool 6
Tidepool 7
Tidepool 8
Tidepool 9
not available
Tidepool 10
Tidepool 11  not available
Tidepool 12
Peg 5:
Tidepool 13
artificial

Tigriopus californicus: Harpacticoid–The Race Rocks Taxonomy

We frequently find abundant populations of Harpacticoids in the high tidepools number 10, 7 and 2 at Race Rocks

Populations can fluctuate widely through the seasons.. Since pool 7 is at the highest elevation, it may not receive new inputs of seawater unless there is a wind from the West. In the summer, with no rain, and with elevated temperatures, this shallow pool will develop salt crystals. At that time, the only population of Tigriopus californicus is in pool 2 which is deeper and shaded, and in pool 10 which is small but shaded. Later on, in October, pool 7 may have an abundant population concentrated along the vertical walls of the pool. In this photo, The photo above was taken on a compound microscope at 10 power, but it has been enlarged considerably by photomicrography

In this photo Gerald has scooped up a sample from pool 10,where they are visible to the naked eye as small moving reddish dots.

 

 

 

Research done on this organism by the student T.C. Merchant at the Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University in 1977, refers to this unique osmoregulatory adaptation for this Euryhaline environment.

“Abstract: Tigriopus californicus exhibit a unique osmoregulatory behavior which is highly adaptive in the high splash pool habitat. They conform osmotically in intermediate salinities and regulate hypo and hyper osmotically in high and low salinities respectively. Gut fluid appears to remain isosmotic with the environment. Evidence is presented to suggest the gut may be a regulatory surface in Tigriopus. The range of osmoconformance depends on the length of acclimation to a given salinity. O2 consumption in Tigriopus is high in low salinities decreasing as salinity rises. Metabolism appears not to change significantly over the conforming range 35 to 60 0/00″

Other interesting research on this organism has been on its Phylogeny. Research done in southern latitudes on Tigriopus revealed one of the highest levels of mitochondrial DNA differentiation ever reported among conspecific populations. S.Edmands ( Molecular Ecology,Volume 10 Page 1743  – July 2001) showed that populations from Puget Sound northward had significantly reduced levels of within-population variation based on cytochrome oxidase I sequences. These patterns are hypothesized to result from the contraction and expansion of populations driven by recent ice ages.

The Pesticide Action Network North America.lists extensive results of toxicity studies with Pesticides using Tigriopus californicus.

Dr. Maarten Voordouw working with Dr.Brad Anholt of the University of Victoria has researched the evolution of Sex ratios in Tigriopus californicus. He found there to be a variation in offspring sex ratio larger than the binomial expectation, and that females produce male-biased clutches at higher temperatures. The trait is heritable and is transmitted primarily through the paternal line. http://web.uvic.ca/~banholt/anhlabsite/tigs.html

Other Members of the Phylum Arthropoda at Race Rocks.

taxonomyiconReturn to the Race Rocks Taxonomy
and Image File
pearsonlogo2_f2The Race Rocks taxonomy is a collaborative venture originally started with the Biology and Environmental Systems students of Lester Pearson College UWC. It now also has contributions added by Faculty, Staff, Volunteers and Observers on the remote control webcams.   G.Fletcher

 

The Giant Pacific Octopus

Giant PacificOctopus frequently appear at Race Rocks in the subtidal waters. They are also seen occasionally washed up in the intertidal zone where they contribute to the energy flow of the gulls and eagles. This individual which had died recentlyin June 2002, became the subject of a webcast and an impromptu dissection on the shore.

 

Underwater Transect at Race Rocks

The most difficult transects to do at Race Rocks Ecological reserve are those underwater. Through the years we have done a number of these, mostly in training sessions with the Pearson College Divers.  We experimented with various types of spools for laying out a line, types of weighted line, measuring tape, quadrat sizes, types of underwater paper on clipboards, types of pencils or writing devices  etc.  The best arrangement was using a 30- 50 metre long tape which could be attached to the peg on shore  and then taken out by the diver in a predetermined compass direction. The biggest problem other than the narrow window to get the work done was always the kelp cover, making the process very difficult in the later part of the year when the Nereocystis, (bull kelp) cover would make it impossible to access some areas.   The divers working in pairs would then proceed along one side of the line producing a record of the belt transect.  

Laura Verhegge and students of Pearson College doing an underwater transect off peg #1 at Race Rocks.

 


_____________________________________________________________

Return to the Contents page for Environmental modelling with Transects..

Tidepool # 10 at Race Rocks

In May 2004 the biology class measured features of several pools, including this one, pool 10.

This file has been started to present some of the information we have accumulated on the pool in order to stimulate students to raise further questions and devise problems that can be investigated at the pool. It is also intended to be part of a cumulative digital legacy that those examining the pool can pass on to future students.

This pool has a diameter of less than half a meter .This pool is characterized by having a base of white crystalline quartz. It is also shaded for much of the day, and is usually filled with harpacticoids.

white quartz with harpactacoids visible

SEE THIS REFERENCE in the Race Rocks Taxonomy on Harpacticoids

A large amphipod and the small red harpacticoids in pool 10